Establishment

Structure of the Projects Sector under Construction

The Group's activities in the construction projects segment are carried out through the company and subsidiaries, and are engaged in various types of execution, construction and engineering. The work is characterized by the use of technological means and new and advanced work techniques in the planning and execution of complex engineering projects in a variety of areas of activity such as: construction of buildings for various authorities including public buildings, laying of railway tracks, wastewater treatment plants, pumping stations, systems at power plants, complex piping systems, storage and transportation facilities for fuels and gases, designated facilities, protected buildings, water pools, laying of upper voltage lines and more.

The activity in the construction projects segment is usually characterized by projects that are executed through the process of applying for bids or a public tender, which is usually subject to compliance, inter alia, with engineering, professional, financial and contractor classification threshold conditions. The Group has worked and is working to train it as an approved supplier for international customers operating in Israel and local customers who, due to the nature of their activities, are not subject to the Tenders Law and carry out closed bidding procedures in which the technical component, experience and availability of manpower and equipment are of great importance.

Civil Engineering Infrastructure

Coordinates the construction of civil engineering projects (such as various types of buildings, infrastructure above and below ground level) as well as works for Israel's defense establishment, including administrative and operational structures, including protected structures and obstacles along the borders between Israel and its neighbors.

Civil Engineering Infrastructure

Coordinates the construction of civil engineering projects (such as various types of buildings, infrastructure above and below ground level) as well as works for Israel's defense establishment, including administrative and operational structures, including protected structures and obstacles along the borders between Israel and its neighbors.

Railway Infrastructure

Coordinates the construction of railway infrastructure (including laying tracks and related works).

Railway Infrastructure

Coordinates the construction of railway infrastructure (including laying tracks and related works).

Piping and Energy Infrastructure

Coordinates the construction of fuel, gas, water and sewage pipeline infrastructures, as well as mechanical piping work and equipment installations at power plants.

Piping and Energy Infrastructure

Coordinates the construction of fuel, gas, water and sewage pipeline infrastructures, as well as mechanical piping work and equipment installations at power plants.

Clean Piping Infrastructure

Coordinates the construction of complex process piping infrastructures for the pharmaceutical, food and microelectronics industries, including clean rooms.

Clean Piping Infrastructure

Coordinates the construction of fuel, gas, water and sewage pipeline infrastructures, as well as mechanical piping work and equipment installations at power plants.

Environmental Infrastructure

Coordinates the field of environmentally related infrastructures such as the construction of wastewater treatment plants (wastewater treatment plants), pumping stations, infrastructure in desalination plants, sludge and bolt treatment facilities.

Environmental Infrastructure

Coordinates the field of environmentally related infrastructures such as the construction of wastewater treatment plants (wastewater treatment plants), pumping stations, infrastructure in desalination plants, sludge and bolt treatment facilities.

ืžืฆื’ื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคื•ืช

ืžืฆื’ืช ืฉื•ืง ื”ื”ื•ืŸ 2020

ืžืฆื’ืช ืฉื•ืง ื”ื”ื•ืŸ 2019

ืื™ืคื” ื–ื” ื ืžืฆื

ื“ื™ืคื• ืคืชื— ืชืงื•ื•ื”- ื”ืงืžืช ืชื—ื ื” ืžืจื›ื–ื™ืช ืœืจื›ื‘ืช ื”ืงืœื”

ืื™ืคื” ื–ื” ื ืžืฆื

ืชื—ื–ื•ืงื” ืฉื•ื˜ืคืช ืฉืœ ื”ืฉืคื“"ืŸ

ืื™ืคื” ื–ื” ื ืžืฆื

ืื•ืจื•ืช ืจื‘ื™ืŸ-ื”ื ื—ืช ืชืฉืชื™ืช ืฆื ืจืช ืœืื ืจื’ื™ื™ืช ื’ื–

ืื™ืคื” ื–ื” ื ืžืฆื

ืžืื’ืจ ืขื•ืจื‘ื™ื- ืคืจื™ืกืช ืœื•ื—ื•ืช PV ืขืœ ื”ืžื™ื

ืื™ืคื” ื–ื” ื ืžืฆื

ื ืžืœ ืืฉื“ื•ื“- ืžืกื•ืข ื’ืจืขื™ื ื™ื ืœืฉื™ื ื•ืข

ื™ื—ื™ืืœ ืœืฉืžืŸ

ื™ื•"ืจ ื“ื™ืจืงื˜ื•ืจื™ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื•ืชืฃ

ื—ื–ื•ืŸ ื”ืชืื’ื™ื“ , ื—ื‘ืจื” ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช

ืงื‘ื•ืฆืช ืœืกื™ื›ื• ืžืืžื™ื ื” ื›ื™ ืจื•ื— ื”ื™ื™ื–ื•ื ื•ื”ืคื™ืชื•ื— ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ื”ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ืขืžื™ื“ื” ืงืคื“ื ื™ืช ื‘ื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ื™ื•ืชื™ื” ื•ืขืœ ืขืจื›ื™ื” ื›ื’ื•ืฃ ื‘ืขืœ ืื•ืคื™ ืžืฉืคื—ืชื™ ื•ืชืžืฉื™ืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื“ื•ื’ืžื ื•ืžื•ืคืช ืœื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื‘ืืจืฅ ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ืžื•ืฉื›ืœ ื•ื™ืขื™ืœ ื‘ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื”, ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืช ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ืžื ื™ื•ืช, ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื ื•ืชื ื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื•ื›ืœ ื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ืงืฉื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืคืขื™ืœื•ืชื” ื”ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืงื‘ื•ืฆื”.

ื”ืžื™ื•ืžื ื•ืช ื”ื–ื• – ืœืœืžื•ื“, ืœื™ื™ืฆืจ ื™ื“ืข ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™, ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืื•ืชื• ืœื™ื“ืข ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ ื‘ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื‘ื–ืง ื•ืœืชืจื’ื ืืช ื›ืœ ืืœื” ืœืคืขื•ืœื” ื ืžืจืฆืช ื•ื ื—ื•ืฉื” ื‘ืฉื•ื•ืงื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื – ื”ื™ื ื”ื™ืชืจื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื—ืกื™ ื”ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ ืฉืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืœืฉืงื•ื“ ื•ืœืฉื›ืœืœ ืœืœื ื”ืจืฃ. ื”ื™ืชืจื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื—ืกื™ ื”ื–ื” ื™ืชื‘ื˜ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืขื•ืœืžื•ืช ื”ื—ื“ืฉื™ื, ื•ื”ืคื—ื•ืช ื‘ืจื•ืจื™ื ืžืืœื™ื”ื, ื”ืžืืชื’ืจื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื•ืžืืคืฉืจื™ื ืœืขืชื™ื“ ืœื‘ื•ื ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืžื™ื˜ื‘ื™ืช. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ืชืžื™ื“ ื™ื”ื™ื• ืœื ื• ืžื™ื“ื•ืช ืฉื•ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืจื•ื— ื™ื–ืžื™ืช, ื›ื•ืฉืจ ืœืžื™ื“ื” , ืื•ืžืฅ ื•ืกืงืจื ื•ืช ื›ื“ืจืš ื—ื™ื™ื.
ืขืœ ืœืกื™ื›ื• ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ืžื™ื•ืžื ื•ืช ื–ื• ื‘ื›ืœ ืขื ืคื™ ื”ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื. ื‘ืจืงืข ืชืขืžื•ื“ ืื™ืชืŸ ื—ื‘ืจืช ื”ืื ืขื ื”ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ ื”ืขืฉื™ืจ, ื”ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืคื™ื ื ืกื™ืช ื•ื”ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช ื”ืขืกืงื™ื•ืช ื”ื ื—ื•ืฆื•ืช. ื‘ื—ื–ื™ืช ื™ืคืขืœื• ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื ื™ืฉื” ื–ืจื™ื–ื•ืช, ื”ืžื˜ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœื–ื”ื•ืช ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืฉื•ืง, ืœืคืชื— ืืช ื”ื™ื“ืข ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ ื”ื ื“ืจืฉ ื•ืœื”ืกืชืขืจ ืขืœื™ื”ืŸ ื‘ืชืฉื•ืงื” ื•ื‘ืื’ืจืกื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื”ืจืื•ื™ื”. ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืœื™ื”ื ื•ืช ืžื”ื™ืชืจื•ืŸ ืœื’ื•ื“ืœ ืžื‘ืœื™ ืœืกื‘ื•ืœ ืžื”ื—ืกืจื•ื ื•ืช ืฉื‘ื•, ื”ื™ื ืฉื™ื•ื•ื™ ื”ืžืฉืงืœ ื”ืขื“ื™ืŸ ืฉืœืื•ืจื›ื• ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื ื•ืข.
ืœืกื™ื›ื• ื”ื™ื ื—ื‘ืจื” ื—ืกื•ื ื” ืžืชื—ื™ืœืช ื“ืจื›ื”, ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื™ื™ืกื“ื™ื” ืชืžื™ื“ ืขืžื“ื• ืื ืฉื™ื ืขื ืขืจื›ื™ื ื‘ืจื•ืจื™ื ืฉื™ืฆืจื• ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ืช ื—ื–ืงื” ื•ื ื—ื•ืฉื”. ื‘ืขื ืฃ ื”ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช ื”ืืชื’ืจื™ื ื”ื ืžื’ื•ื•ื ื™ื ื›ืœ ื›ืš, ืฉืื™ืŸ ื‘ื ืžืฆื ืื“ื ืื—ื“, ืžื•ื›ืฉืจ ื›ื›ืœ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื”, ื”ืžืกื•ื’ืœ ืœืฉืœื•ื˜ ื‘ื›ื•ืœื. ืœืฉื ื›ืŸ ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื”ืชืขืœื•ืช ืžืขืœ ืขืฆืžื ื•, ืœืื—ื“ ื‘ืชื‘ื•ื ื” ื•ื‘ื™ืขื™ืœื•ืช ืื ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื”ืฉืœื ื”ืžืชืงื‘ืœ ื™ื”ื™ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืกืš ื—ืœืงื™ื•.
ืœืกื™ื›ื• ืชื˜ืคื— ื›ืขืจืš, ืืช ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื” ืœืฉืžืฉ ืคืœื˜ืคื•ืจืžื” ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื™ืช ื•ืžื›ื™ืœื” ืœืื ืฉื™ื ืžื•ื›ืฉืจื™ื, ืงื‘ืœื ื™ ืžืฉื ื” ื•ืžื ื”ืœื™ื ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ื‘ื ื•ืช, ื›ืš ืฉื”ื ื™ื‘ื•ืื• ืœื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœื™ืชืจื•ื ื•ืชื™ื”ื ื”ื™ื—ืกื™ื™ื ื•ืžืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืคืขื•ืœื” ื™ื ื‘ืข ืจื•ื•ื— ืœื›ืœ ื”ื ื•ื’ืขื™ื ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ. ื›ืœ ืคืขื™ืœื•ืชื” ืฉืœ ืœืกื™ื›ื• ืชืชื ื”ืœ ืžืชื•ืš ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืชื™ืช ื•ืงื”ื™ืœืชื™ืช ื•ื‘ืฉืงื™ืคื•ืช ืžืœืื”.

ื”ืžื‘ื—ืŸ ื™ื”ื™ื” ื›ืชืžื™ื“ ืฉื‘ื™ืขื•ืช ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ืœืงื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ืจื‘ื™ื ื•ื‘ืจืฆื•ื ื ืœืกื™ื™ืข ืœื” ื‘ื›ืœ ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื›ื•ืœืœ ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื•ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื”ื•ื’ืŸ.

ื. ื”ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ืชืžืฉื™ืš ืœื”ืขืžื™ืง ื•ืœืฉืคืจ ืืช ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ื”ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื”ืžื’ื•ื•ื ื™ื ืฉื‘ื ืชื” ื‘ืžืฉืš ืฉื ื•ืช ืคืขื™ืœื•ืชื” ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ืžืฆื•ื™ื ื•ืชย  ื‘ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื•ืœืคืชื— ืฉื™ื˜ื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืชื—ืจื•ืชื™ื•ืช ื•ื‘ืจื•ืช ืงื™ื™ืžื.ย 
ื‘. ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื™ ื”ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื™ืงืคื™ื“ื• ืขืœ ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืื™ืฉื™ืช ืœื›ืœ ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ , ืขืœ ืื™ืžื•ืฅ ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ื—ื“ื™ืฉื•ืช ื•ืขืœ ื”ืขื‘ืจืช ืžื™ื“ืข ืจืœื•ื•ื ื˜ื™ ื—ื™ื•ื ื™ ื”ื ื“ืจืฉ ืžื”ื ื‘ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ื“ื™ื’ื™ื˜ืœื™ืช ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ืช ืชื•ืš ืฉืช”ืค ืขื ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื•ื”ืงื‘ืœื ื™ื ื‘ืจื•ื— ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื•ื‘ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ื•ืช.
ื’. ืžื ื”ืœื™ ื”ืคืขื™ืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื™ืžืฉื™ื›ื• ื‘ื™ืชืจ ืฉืืช ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืืช ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื•ื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื•ืช ื”ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ื™ื ื›ื ื“ืจืฉ ื‘ื”ืกื›ืžื™ื ื‘ืฉืช”ืค ื•ืžืืžืฅ ืœืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ืžืชืžื™ื“.
ื“. ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื›ืกืคื™ื ื™ืชื ื”ืœ ื‘ื›ืœื™ื ื”ื—ื“ื™ืฉื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ืขื ื”ื‘ืงืจื” ื‘ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ื•ืžื ื”ืœื™ ื”ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืืžืช, ื•ื–ืืช ืœื’ืœื•ืช ืคืขืจื™ื ืžืชื–ืจื™ื ื”ืžื–ื•ืžืŸ ื”ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ืœื™ ื•ื”ื›ืœืœื™ ื”ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ืย  ืชื•ืš ื”ืงืคื“ื” ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืกื˜ื™ื•ืช, ื•ืชื—ืงื™ืจื™ื ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ื™ื ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ื™ื.ย 

ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื‘ื—ื•"ืœ

ย ืœืื•ืจ ื”ืชื—ืจื•ืช ื‘ืฉื•ืง ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ ื”ืžื’ื‘ื™ืœ ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืจื•ื•ื—, ื”ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ืคื•ืขืœืช ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื ืžืจืฅ ืœื”ืขื‘ืจืช ื—ืœืง ืžืคืขื™ืœื•ืชื” ืœืฉื•ื•ืงื™ื ื‘ื—ื•”ืœ ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื‘ืืจื””ื‘ ื•ื‘ื’ืื ื”.
ื”ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ืชืžืฉื™ืš ื‘ื”ืจื—ื‘ืช ื”ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืืœื” ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืชื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ืชื‘ืกืก ืขืœ ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื ืฆื‘ืจ ื•ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื’ื ืฉืขืจ ืœืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืชื ื• ื‘ืฉื•ื•ืงื™ื ืืœื”.

ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืœืฉืžืŸ

ื™ื•"ืจ ื“ื™ืจืงื˜ื•ืจื™ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื•ืชืฃ

ืงื‘ื•ืฆืช ืœืกื™ื›ื• ืชื ื”ืœ ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช ืืช ืื™ื›ื•ืช ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื”. ืœืคื™ื›ืš, ื‘ืจืืฉ ื•ืจืืฉื•ื ื” , ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื’ื™ื™ืก ืœืฉื•ืจื•ืชื™ื ื• ืื ืฉื™ื ืžืชืื™ืžื™ื ื•ืœื˜ืคื— ืื•ืชื ื›ืš ืฉื™ื”ืคื›ื• ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื”ื”ืฉืชื›ืจื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื ืชื’ื“ืœ. ื‘ืœื‘ ื”ื™ืชืจื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื—ืกื™ ืฉืœ ืœืกื™ื›ื• ืžืฆื•ื™ ื”ื”ื•ืŸ ื”ืื™ื ื˜ืœืงื˜ื•ืืœื™ ืฉืœื”. ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ืื ืฉื™ ืžืงืฆื•ืข ื‘ืจืžื” ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื”, ื‘ืขืœื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืขืฆืžื™ ื•ื ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœืฉืชืฃ ืืช ื”ื™ื“ืข ืฉื‘ืจืฉื•ืชื ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคื›ื• ืœื™ืชืจื•ืŸ ืขืกืงื™ ื›ื–ื” ืฉื™ืืคืฉืจ ืœื ื• ืœืงื‘ืœ ื–ื›ื•ืช ืกื™ืจื•ื‘ ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืœื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ื™ื ื‘ืฉื•ืง.
ื”ืžื™ื•ืžื ื•ืช ื”ื–ื• – ืœืœืžื•ื“, ืœื™ื™ืฆืจ ื™ื“ืข ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™, ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืื•ืชื• ืœื™ื“ืข ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ ื‘ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื‘ื–ืง ื•ืœืชืจื’ื ืืช ื›ืœ ืืœื” ืœืคืขื•ืœื” ื ืžืจืฆืช ื•ื ื—ื•ืฉื” ื‘ืฉื•ื•ืงื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื – ื”ื™ื ื”ื™ืชืจื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื—ืกื™ ื”ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ ืฉืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืœืฉืงื•ื“ ื•ืœืฉื›ืœืœ ืœืœื ื”ืจืฃ. ื”ื™ืชืจื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื—ืกื™ ื”ื–ื” ื™ืชื‘ื˜ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืขื•ืœืžื•ืช ื”ื—ื“ืฉื™ื, ื•ื”ืคื—ื•ืช ื‘ืจื•ืจื™ื ืžืืœื™ื”ื, ื”ืžืืชื’ืจื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื•ืžืืคืฉืจื™ื ืœืขืชื™ื“ ืœื‘ื•ื ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืžื™ื˜ื‘ื™ืช. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ืชืžื™ื“ ื™ื”ื™ื• ืœื ื• ืžื™ื“ื•ืช ืฉื•ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืจื•ื— ื™ื–ืžื™ืช, ื›ื•ืฉืจ ืœืžื™ื“ื” , ืื•ืžืฅ ื•ืกืงืจื ื•ืช ื›ื“ืจืš ื—ื™ื™ื.
ืขืœ ืœืกื™ื›ื• ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ืžื™ื•ืžื ื•ืช ื–ื• ื‘ื›ืœ ืขื ืคื™ ื”ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื. ื‘ืจืงืข ืชืขืžื•ื“ ืื™ืชืŸ ื—ื‘ืจืช ื”ืื ืขื ื”ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ ื”ืขืฉื™ืจ, ื”ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืคื™ื ื ืกื™ืช ื•ื”ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช ื”ืขืกืงื™ื•ืช ื”ื ื—ื•ืฆื•ืช. ื‘ื—ื–ื™ืช ื™ืคืขืœื• ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื ื™ืฉื” ื–ืจื™ื–ื•ืช, ื”ืžื˜ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœื–ื”ื•ืช ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืฉื•ืง, ืœืคืชื— ืืช ื”ื™ื“ืข ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ ื”ื ื“ืจืฉ ื•ืœื”ืกืชืขืจ ืขืœื™ื”ืŸ ื‘ืชืฉื•ืงื” ื•ื‘ืื’ืจืกื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื”ืจืื•ื™ื”. ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืœื™ื”ื ื•ืช ืžื”ื™ืชืจื•ืŸ ืœื’ื•ื“ืœ ืžื‘ืœื™ ืœืกื‘ื•ืœ ืžื”ื—ืกืจื•ื ื•ืช ืฉื‘ื•, ื”ื™ื ืฉื™ื•ื•ื™ ื”ืžืฉืงืœ ื”ืขื“ื™ืŸ ืฉืœืื•ืจื›ื• ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื ื•ืข.
ืœืกื™ื›ื• ื”ื™ื ื—ื‘ืจื” ื—ืกื•ื ื” ืžืชื—ื™ืœืช ื“ืจื›ื”, ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื™ื™ืกื“ื™ื” ืชืžื™ื“ ืขืžื“ื• ืื ืฉื™ื ืขื ืขืจื›ื™ื ื‘ืจื•ืจื™ื ืฉื™ืฆืจื• ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ืช ื—ื–ืงื” ื•ื ื—ื•ืฉื”. ื‘ืขื ืฃ ื”ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช ื”ืืชื’ืจื™ื ื”ื ืžื’ื•ื•ื ื™ื ื›ืœ ื›ืš, ืฉืื™ืŸ ื‘ื ืžืฆื ืื“ื ืื—ื“, ืžื•ื›ืฉืจ ื›ื›ืœ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื”, ื”ืžืกื•ื’ืœ ืœืฉืœื•ื˜ ื‘ื›ื•ืœื. ืœืฉื ื›ืŸ ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื”ืชืขืœื•ืช ืžืขืœ ืขืฆืžื ื•, ืœืื—ื“ ื‘ืชื‘ื•ื ื” ื•ื‘ื™ืขื™ืœื•ืช ืื ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื”ืฉืœื ื”ืžืชืงื‘ืœ ื™ื”ื™ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืกืš ื—ืœืงื™ื•.
ืœืกื™ื›ื• ืชื˜ืคื— ื›ืขืจืš, ืืช ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื” ืœืฉืžืฉ ืคืœื˜ืคื•ืจืžื” ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื™ืช ื•ืžื›ื™ืœื” ืœืื ืฉื™ื ืžื•ื›ืฉืจื™ื, ืงื‘ืœื ื™ ืžืฉื ื” ื•ืžื ื”ืœื™ื ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ื‘ื ื•ืช, ื›ืš ืฉื”ื ื™ื‘ื•ืื• ืœื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœื™ืชืจื•ื ื•ืชื™ื”ื ื”ื™ื—ืกื™ื™ื ื•ืžืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืคืขื•ืœื” ื™ื ื‘ืข ืจื•ื•ื— ืœื›ืœ ื”ื ื•ื’ืขื™ื ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ. ื›ืœ ืคืขื™ืœื•ืชื” ืฉืœ ืœืกื™ื›ื• ืชืชื ื”ืœ ืžืชื•ืš ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืชื™ืช ื•ืงื”ื™ืœืชื™ืช ื•ื‘ืฉืงื™ืคื•ืช ืžืœืื”.

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