Maintenance

Structure of the Holding and Franchising Sector

The Group's activities in the holding and franchising sector are carried out through the Company and subsidiaries, in which the Group's companies provide maintenance services to its customers in the Group's various areas of activity, usually by entering into long-term contracts (usually 3 years or more). This service is characterized by customer decentralization and a steady revenue stream that provides the Group with a stable revenue pipeline over long periods of time and the ability to recruit personnel, train, purchase equipment and build long-term work plans.

Maintenance and service for municipal infrastructure

The Group provides preventive maintenance, fracture maintenance and initiated works for water and sewage systems especially for municipal and institutional clients, usually through framework contracts for a term of several years that sometimes also include a requirement for availability 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. Recently, a service has been added in complementary areas of execution such as shattering work and piping sleeves, which enable maintenance work to be carried out for existing piping infrastructures while significantly reducing the need to carry out excavations and road openings. In addition, the company provides maintenance and service services for two wastewater treatment plants.

Maintenance and service for municipal infrastructure

The Group provides preventive maintenance, fracture maintenance and initiated works for water and sewage systems especially for municipal and institutional clients, usually through framework contracts for a term of several years that sometimes also include a requirement for availability 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. Recently, a service has been added in complementary areas of execution such as shattering work and piping sleeves, which enable maintenance work to be carried out for existing piping infrastructures while significantly reducing the need to carry out excavations and road openings. In addition, the company provides maintenance and service services for two wastewater treatment plants.

Maintenance and service at energy facilities

The Group performs service and maintenance work on energy facilities and power plants, including turbine maintenance and mechanical maintenance work.

Maintenance and service at energy facilities

The Group performs service and maintenance work on energy facilities and power plants, including turbine maintenance and mechanical maintenance work.

Franchising projects using BOT methods and others

The company has established and operates infrastructures for the treatment and provision of various services in the field of environmental protection within the framework of franchise contracts.

Franchising projects using BOT methods and others

The company has established and operates infrastructures for the treatment and provision of various services in the field of environmental protection within the framework of franchise contracts.

Franchising projects using BOT methods and others

The company has established and operates infrastructures for the treatment and provision of various services in the field of environmental protection within the framework of franchise contracts.

ืžืฆื’ื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคื•ืช

ืžืฆื’ืช ืฉื•ืง ื”ื”ื•ืŸ 2020

ืžืฆื’ืช ืฉื•ืง ื”ื”ื•ืŸ 2019

ืื™ืคื” ื–ื” ื ืžืฆื

ื“ื™ืคื• ืคืชื— ืชืงื•ื•ื”- ื”ืงืžืช ืชื—ื ื” ืžืจื›ื–ื™ืช ืœืจื›ื‘ืช ื”ืงืœื”

ืื™ืคื” ื–ื” ื ืžืฆื

ืชื—ื–ื•ืงื” ืฉื•ื˜ืคืช ืฉืœ ื”ืฉืคื“"ืŸ

ืื™ืคื” ื–ื” ื ืžืฆื

ืื•ืจื•ืช ืจื‘ื™ืŸ-ื”ื ื—ืช ืชืฉืชื™ืช ืฆื ืจืช ืœืื ืจื’ื™ื™ืช ื’ื–

ืื™ืคื” ื–ื” ื ืžืฆื

ืžืื’ืจ ืขื•ืจื‘ื™ื- ืคืจื™ืกืช ืœื•ื—ื•ืช PV ืขืœ ื”ืžื™ื

ืื™ืคื” ื–ื” ื ืžืฆื

ื ืžืœ ืืฉื“ื•ื“- ืžืกื•ืข ื’ืจืขื™ื ื™ื ืœืฉื™ื ื•ืข

ื™ื—ื™ืืœ ืœืฉืžืŸ

ื™ื•"ืจ ื“ื™ืจืงื˜ื•ืจื™ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื•ืชืฃ

ื—ื–ื•ืŸ ื”ืชืื’ื™ื“ , ื—ื‘ืจื” ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช

ืงื‘ื•ืฆืช ืœืกื™ื›ื• ืžืืžื™ื ื” ื›ื™ ืจื•ื— ื”ื™ื™ื–ื•ื ื•ื”ืคื™ืชื•ื— ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ื”ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ืขืžื™ื“ื” ืงืคื“ื ื™ืช ื‘ื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ื™ื•ืชื™ื” ื•ืขืœ ืขืจื›ื™ื” ื›ื’ื•ืฃ ื‘ืขืœ ืื•ืคื™ ืžืฉืคื—ืชื™ ื•ืชืžืฉื™ืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื“ื•ื’ืžื ื•ืžื•ืคืช ืœื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื‘ืืจืฅ ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ืžื•ืฉื›ืœ ื•ื™ืขื™ืœ ื‘ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื”, ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืช ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ืžื ื™ื•ืช, ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื ื•ืชื ื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื•ื›ืœ ื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ืงืฉื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืคืขื™ืœื•ืชื” ื”ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืงื‘ื•ืฆื”.

ื”ืžื™ื•ืžื ื•ืช ื”ื–ื• – ืœืœืžื•ื“, ืœื™ื™ืฆืจ ื™ื“ืข ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™, ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืื•ืชื• ืœื™ื“ืข ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ ื‘ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื‘ื–ืง ื•ืœืชืจื’ื ืืช ื›ืœ ืืœื” ืœืคืขื•ืœื” ื ืžืจืฆืช ื•ื ื—ื•ืฉื” ื‘ืฉื•ื•ืงื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื – ื”ื™ื ื”ื™ืชืจื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื—ืกื™ ื”ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ ืฉืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืœืฉืงื•ื“ ื•ืœืฉื›ืœืœ ืœืœื ื”ืจืฃ. ื”ื™ืชืจื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื—ืกื™ ื”ื–ื” ื™ืชื‘ื˜ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืขื•ืœืžื•ืช ื”ื—ื“ืฉื™ื, ื•ื”ืคื—ื•ืช ื‘ืจื•ืจื™ื ืžืืœื™ื”ื, ื”ืžืืชื’ืจื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื•ืžืืคืฉืจื™ื ืœืขืชื™ื“ ืœื‘ื•ื ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืžื™ื˜ื‘ื™ืช. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ืชืžื™ื“ ื™ื”ื™ื• ืœื ื• ืžื™ื“ื•ืช ืฉื•ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืจื•ื— ื™ื–ืžื™ืช, ื›ื•ืฉืจ ืœืžื™ื“ื” , ืื•ืžืฅ ื•ืกืงืจื ื•ืช ื›ื“ืจืš ื—ื™ื™ื.
ืขืœ ืœืกื™ื›ื• ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ืžื™ื•ืžื ื•ืช ื–ื• ื‘ื›ืœ ืขื ืคื™ ื”ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื. ื‘ืจืงืข ืชืขืžื•ื“ ืื™ืชืŸ ื—ื‘ืจืช ื”ืื ืขื ื”ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ ื”ืขืฉื™ืจ, ื”ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืคื™ื ื ืกื™ืช ื•ื”ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช ื”ืขืกืงื™ื•ืช ื”ื ื—ื•ืฆื•ืช. ื‘ื—ื–ื™ืช ื™ืคืขืœื• ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื ื™ืฉื” ื–ืจื™ื–ื•ืช, ื”ืžื˜ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœื–ื”ื•ืช ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืฉื•ืง, ืœืคืชื— ืืช ื”ื™ื“ืข ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ ื”ื ื“ืจืฉ ื•ืœื”ืกืชืขืจ ืขืœื™ื”ืŸ ื‘ืชืฉื•ืงื” ื•ื‘ืื’ืจืกื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื”ืจืื•ื™ื”. ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืœื™ื”ื ื•ืช ืžื”ื™ืชืจื•ืŸ ืœื’ื•ื“ืœ ืžื‘ืœื™ ืœืกื‘ื•ืœ ืžื”ื—ืกืจื•ื ื•ืช ืฉื‘ื•, ื”ื™ื ืฉื™ื•ื•ื™ ื”ืžืฉืงืœ ื”ืขื“ื™ืŸ ืฉืœืื•ืจื›ื• ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื ื•ืข.
ืœืกื™ื›ื• ื”ื™ื ื—ื‘ืจื” ื—ืกื•ื ื” ืžืชื—ื™ืœืช ื“ืจื›ื”, ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื™ื™ืกื“ื™ื” ืชืžื™ื“ ืขืžื“ื• ืื ืฉื™ื ืขื ืขืจื›ื™ื ื‘ืจื•ืจื™ื ืฉื™ืฆืจื• ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ืช ื—ื–ืงื” ื•ื ื—ื•ืฉื”. ื‘ืขื ืฃ ื”ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช ื”ืืชื’ืจื™ื ื”ื ืžื’ื•ื•ื ื™ื ื›ืœ ื›ืš, ืฉืื™ืŸ ื‘ื ืžืฆื ืื“ื ืื—ื“, ืžื•ื›ืฉืจ ื›ื›ืœ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื”, ื”ืžืกื•ื’ืœ ืœืฉืœื•ื˜ ื‘ื›ื•ืœื. ืœืฉื ื›ืŸ ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื”ืชืขืœื•ืช ืžืขืœ ืขืฆืžื ื•, ืœืื—ื“ ื‘ืชื‘ื•ื ื” ื•ื‘ื™ืขื™ืœื•ืช ืื ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื”ืฉืœื ื”ืžืชืงื‘ืœ ื™ื”ื™ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืกืš ื—ืœืงื™ื•.
ืœืกื™ื›ื• ืชื˜ืคื— ื›ืขืจืš, ืืช ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื” ืœืฉืžืฉ ืคืœื˜ืคื•ืจืžื” ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื™ืช ื•ืžื›ื™ืœื” ืœืื ืฉื™ื ืžื•ื›ืฉืจื™ื, ืงื‘ืœื ื™ ืžืฉื ื” ื•ืžื ื”ืœื™ื ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ื‘ื ื•ืช, ื›ืš ืฉื”ื ื™ื‘ื•ืื• ืœื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœื™ืชืจื•ื ื•ืชื™ื”ื ื”ื™ื—ืกื™ื™ื ื•ืžืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืคืขื•ืœื” ื™ื ื‘ืข ืจื•ื•ื— ืœื›ืœ ื”ื ื•ื’ืขื™ื ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ. ื›ืœ ืคืขื™ืœื•ืชื” ืฉืœ ืœืกื™ื›ื• ืชืชื ื”ืœ ืžืชื•ืš ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืชื™ืช ื•ืงื”ื™ืœืชื™ืช ื•ื‘ืฉืงื™ืคื•ืช ืžืœืื”.

ื”ืžื‘ื—ืŸ ื™ื”ื™ื” ื›ืชืžื™ื“ ืฉื‘ื™ืขื•ืช ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ืœืงื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ืจื‘ื™ื ื•ื‘ืจืฆื•ื ื ืœืกื™ื™ืข ืœื” ื‘ื›ืœ ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื›ื•ืœืœ ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื•ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื”ื•ื’ืŸ.

ื. ื”ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ืชืžืฉื™ืš ืœื”ืขืžื™ืง ื•ืœืฉืคืจ ืืช ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ื”ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื”ืžื’ื•ื•ื ื™ื ืฉื‘ื ืชื” ื‘ืžืฉืš ืฉื ื•ืช ืคืขื™ืœื•ืชื” ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ืžืฆื•ื™ื ื•ืชย  ื‘ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื•ืœืคืชื— ืฉื™ื˜ื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืชื—ืจื•ืชื™ื•ืช ื•ื‘ืจื•ืช ืงื™ื™ืžื.ย 
ื‘. ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื™ ื”ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื™ืงืคื™ื“ื• ืขืœ ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืื™ืฉื™ืช ืœื›ืœ ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ , ืขืœ ืื™ืžื•ืฅ ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ื—ื“ื™ืฉื•ืช ื•ืขืœ ื”ืขื‘ืจืช ืžื™ื“ืข ืจืœื•ื•ื ื˜ื™ ื—ื™ื•ื ื™ ื”ื ื“ืจืฉ ืžื”ื ื‘ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ื“ื™ื’ื™ื˜ืœื™ืช ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ืช ืชื•ืš ืฉืช”ืค ืขื ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื•ื”ืงื‘ืœื ื™ื ื‘ืจื•ื— ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื•ื‘ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ื•ืช.
ื’. ืžื ื”ืœื™ ื”ืคืขื™ืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื™ืžืฉื™ื›ื• ื‘ื™ืชืจ ืฉืืช ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืืช ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื•ื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื•ืช ื”ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ื™ื ื›ื ื“ืจืฉ ื‘ื”ืกื›ืžื™ื ื‘ืฉืช”ืค ื•ืžืืžืฅ ืœืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ืžืชืžื™ื“.
ื“. ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื›ืกืคื™ื ื™ืชื ื”ืœ ื‘ื›ืœื™ื ื”ื—ื“ื™ืฉื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ืขื ื”ื‘ืงืจื” ื‘ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ื•ืžื ื”ืœื™ ื”ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืืžืช, ื•ื–ืืช ืœื’ืœื•ืช ืคืขืจื™ื ืžืชื–ืจื™ื ื”ืžื–ื•ืžืŸ ื”ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ืœื™ ื•ื”ื›ืœืœื™ ื”ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ืย  ืชื•ืš ื”ืงืคื“ื” ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืกื˜ื™ื•ืช, ื•ืชื—ืงื™ืจื™ื ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ื™ื ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ื™ื.ย 

ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื‘ื—ื•"ืœ

ย ืœืื•ืจ ื”ืชื—ืจื•ืช ื‘ืฉื•ืง ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ ื”ืžื’ื‘ื™ืœ ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืจื•ื•ื—, ื”ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ืคื•ืขืœืช ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื ืžืจืฅ ืœื”ืขื‘ืจืช ื—ืœืง ืžืคืขื™ืœื•ืชื” ืœืฉื•ื•ืงื™ื ื‘ื—ื•”ืœ ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื‘ืืจื””ื‘ ื•ื‘ื’ืื ื”.
ื”ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ืชืžืฉื™ืš ื‘ื”ืจื—ื‘ืช ื”ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืืœื” ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืชื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ืชื‘ืกืก ืขืœ ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื ืฆื‘ืจ ื•ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื’ื ืฉืขืจ ืœืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืชื ื• ื‘ืฉื•ื•ืงื™ื ืืœื”.

ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืœืฉืžืŸ

ื™ื•"ืจ ื“ื™ืจืงื˜ื•ืจื™ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื•ืชืฃ

ืงื‘ื•ืฆืช ืœืกื™ื›ื• ืชื ื”ืœ ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช ืืช ืื™ื›ื•ืช ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื”. ืœืคื™ื›ืš, ื‘ืจืืฉ ื•ืจืืฉื•ื ื” , ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื’ื™ื™ืก ืœืฉื•ืจื•ืชื™ื ื• ืื ืฉื™ื ืžืชืื™ืžื™ื ื•ืœื˜ืคื— ืื•ืชื ื›ืš ืฉื™ื”ืคื›ื• ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื”ื”ืฉืชื›ืจื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื ืชื’ื“ืœ. ื‘ืœื‘ ื”ื™ืชืจื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื—ืกื™ ืฉืœ ืœืกื™ื›ื• ืžืฆื•ื™ ื”ื”ื•ืŸ ื”ืื™ื ื˜ืœืงื˜ื•ืืœื™ ืฉืœื”. ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ืื ืฉื™ ืžืงืฆื•ืข ื‘ืจืžื” ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื”, ื‘ืขืœื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืขืฆืžื™ ื•ื ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœืฉืชืฃ ืืช ื”ื™ื“ืข ืฉื‘ืจืฉื•ืชื ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคื›ื• ืœื™ืชืจื•ืŸ ืขืกืงื™ ื›ื–ื” ืฉื™ืืคืฉืจ ืœื ื• ืœืงื‘ืœ ื–ื›ื•ืช ืกื™ืจื•ื‘ ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืœื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ื™ื ื‘ืฉื•ืง.
ื”ืžื™ื•ืžื ื•ืช ื”ื–ื• – ืœืœืžื•ื“, ืœื™ื™ืฆืจ ื™ื“ืข ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™, ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืื•ืชื• ืœื™ื“ืข ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ ื‘ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื‘ื–ืง ื•ืœืชืจื’ื ืืช ื›ืœ ืืœื” ืœืคืขื•ืœื” ื ืžืจืฆืช ื•ื ื—ื•ืฉื” ื‘ืฉื•ื•ืงื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื – ื”ื™ื ื”ื™ืชืจื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื—ืกื™ ื”ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ ืฉืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืœืฉืงื•ื“ ื•ืœืฉื›ืœืœ ืœืœื ื”ืจืฃ. ื”ื™ืชืจื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื—ืกื™ ื”ื–ื” ื™ืชื‘ื˜ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืขื•ืœืžื•ืช ื”ื—ื“ืฉื™ื, ื•ื”ืคื—ื•ืช ื‘ืจื•ืจื™ื ืžืืœื™ื”ื, ื”ืžืืชื’ืจื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื•ืžืืคืฉืจื™ื ืœืขืชื™ื“ ืœื‘ื•ื ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืžื™ื˜ื‘ื™ืช. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ืชืžื™ื“ ื™ื”ื™ื• ืœื ื• ืžื™ื“ื•ืช ืฉื•ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืจื•ื— ื™ื–ืžื™ืช, ื›ื•ืฉืจ ืœืžื™ื“ื” , ืื•ืžืฅ ื•ืกืงืจื ื•ืช ื›ื“ืจืš ื—ื™ื™ื.
ืขืœ ืœืกื™ื›ื• ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ืžื™ื•ืžื ื•ืช ื–ื• ื‘ื›ืœ ืขื ืคื™ ื”ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื. ื‘ืจืงืข ืชืขืžื•ื“ ืื™ืชืŸ ื—ื‘ืจืช ื”ืื ืขื ื”ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ ื”ืขืฉื™ืจ, ื”ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืคื™ื ื ืกื™ืช ื•ื”ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช ื”ืขืกืงื™ื•ืช ื”ื ื—ื•ืฆื•ืช. ื‘ื—ื–ื™ืช ื™ืคืขืœื• ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื ื™ืฉื” ื–ืจื™ื–ื•ืช, ื”ืžื˜ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœื–ื”ื•ืช ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืฉื•ืง, ืœืคืชื— ืืช ื”ื™ื“ืข ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ ื”ื ื“ืจืฉ ื•ืœื”ืกืชืขืจ ืขืœื™ื”ืŸ ื‘ืชืฉื•ืงื” ื•ื‘ืื’ืจืกื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื”ืจืื•ื™ื”. ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืœื™ื”ื ื•ืช ืžื”ื™ืชืจื•ืŸ ืœื’ื•ื“ืœ ืžื‘ืœื™ ืœืกื‘ื•ืœ ืžื”ื—ืกืจื•ื ื•ืช ืฉื‘ื•, ื”ื™ื ืฉื™ื•ื•ื™ ื”ืžืฉืงืœ ื”ืขื“ื™ืŸ ืฉืœืื•ืจื›ื• ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื ื•ืข.
ืœืกื™ื›ื• ื”ื™ื ื—ื‘ืจื” ื—ืกื•ื ื” ืžืชื—ื™ืœืช ื“ืจื›ื”, ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื™ื™ืกื“ื™ื” ืชืžื™ื“ ืขืžื“ื• ืื ืฉื™ื ืขื ืขืจื›ื™ื ื‘ืจื•ืจื™ื ืฉื™ืฆืจื• ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ืช ื—ื–ืงื” ื•ื ื—ื•ืฉื”. ื‘ืขื ืฃ ื”ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช ื”ืืชื’ืจื™ื ื”ื ืžื’ื•ื•ื ื™ื ื›ืœ ื›ืš, ืฉืื™ืŸ ื‘ื ืžืฆื ืื“ื ืื—ื“, ืžื•ื›ืฉืจ ื›ื›ืœ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื”, ื”ืžืกื•ื’ืœ ืœืฉืœื•ื˜ ื‘ื›ื•ืœื. ืœืฉื ื›ืŸ ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื”ืชืขืœื•ืช ืžืขืœ ืขืฆืžื ื•, ืœืื—ื“ ื‘ืชื‘ื•ื ื” ื•ื‘ื™ืขื™ืœื•ืช ืื ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื”ืฉืœื ื”ืžืชืงื‘ืœ ื™ื”ื™ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืกืš ื—ืœืงื™ื•.
ืœืกื™ื›ื• ืชื˜ืคื— ื›ืขืจืš, ืืช ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื” ืœืฉืžืฉ ืคืœื˜ืคื•ืจืžื” ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื™ืช ื•ืžื›ื™ืœื” ืœืื ืฉื™ื ืžื•ื›ืฉืจื™ื, ืงื‘ืœื ื™ ืžืฉื ื” ื•ืžื ื”ืœื™ื ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ื‘ื ื•ืช, ื›ืš ืฉื”ื ื™ื‘ื•ืื• ืœื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœื™ืชืจื•ื ื•ืชื™ื”ื ื”ื™ื—ืกื™ื™ื ื•ืžืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืคืขื•ืœื” ื™ื ื‘ืข ืจื•ื•ื— ืœื›ืœ ื”ื ื•ื’ืขื™ื ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ. ื›ืœ ืคืขื™ืœื•ืชื” ืฉืœ ืœืกื™ื›ื• ืชืชื ื”ืœ ืžืชื•ืš ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืชื™ืช ื•ืงื”ื™ืœืชื™ืช ื•ื‘ืฉืงื™ืคื•ืช ืžืœืื”.

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